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Title: Texas
- Author: Carl Flemming
- Date: 1854
- Medium: Hand-colored steel engraving
- Condition: Very Good Plus - light age toning
- Inches: 13 1/2 x 16 1/2 [Image]
- Centimeters: 34.3 x 41.9 [Image]
- Product ID: 319076
Map depicting Texas as it appeared in 1854 by Carl Flemming. Flemming's map of Texas is often called the "German Arrowsmith map," as it derives its cartography from the work of British mapmaker Aaron Arrowsmith. It is certainly one of, if not the most, detailed maps of Texas printed before the Civil War. The map is especially strong in identifying early roads, rivers, towns, and forts which often do not appear on other contemporary maps of Texas.
Map divides eastern Texas into thirty numbered counties, depicting all major towns, rivers, and roads with impressive accuracy. In the lower left corner appears an inset map detailing Galveston Bay, and to the north the panhandle is divided into twelve sections. West Texas is shown to be sparsely settled, though the map does show the state's modern western borders (albeit with some inaccuracies, as the area had yet to be scientifically surveyed). This was one of the first Texas maps to eliminate the Emory Configuration's 'Stovepipe' - this territory had been ceded to the Federal government in exchange for Washington paying off Texas's massive debts accrued during its War of Independence.
The map was published by Carl Flemming (1806-1878), a German publisher based in Glogau, Silesia, who had earlier published a map of Texas while it was an independent republic. Flemming's map was part of a larger trend of Texas-related publications within Germany at the time; this was due to the fact that many Germans had begun to emigrate and settle in Texas, resulting in an increased German interest in the region.